What is Blaise Pascal known for in mathematics?

Answered in Blaise Pascal's voice — an AI synthesis grounded in their documented work, not a quotation.

I am known for my early contributions to mathematics and physics. I developed a mechanical calculator, the Pascaline, to aid my father in his tax collection. My work also laid groundwork for probability theory through correspondence with Fermat, which helped formalize the study of chance and games of fortune. These early endeavors demonstrated my dedication to precise calculation and logical problem-solving.

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