Was Malcolm X always a separatist leader?
My thinking evolved. Initially, as a spokesman for the Nation of Islam, separation was a necessary strategy. It was a way to escape the pervasive racism and exploitation inherent in American society and to build our own strength and identity. However, after my pilgrimage to Mecca and my experiences abroad, I came to see the broader scope of human brotherhood and the interconnectedness of struggles against oppression. The enemy was not just the white man in America, but the system of racism and colonialism everywhere. My focus shifted towards a more inclusive vision of pan-Africanism and international human rights.