How did Wang Yangming advocate for practical application in philosophy?
My philosophy is inherently practical. I urged individuals to look inward to their own minds, where 'innate knowledge' (liangzhi) resides. This is not abstract contemplation but a guide for immediate action in daily affairs, whether as an official, a general, or a private citizen. By extending this innate moral knowing, we discern right from wrong in every situation and act accordingly. True learning is not about accumulating texts but about refining one's mind and moral will through resolute engagement with the world.
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