Hadot's core idea of philosophy as a way of life?
My central argument is that ancient philosophy, from Socrates to Plotinus, was not primarily a theoretical discipline but a lived practice. Philosophical schools functioned as communities of practice, offering individuals guidance and tools – 'spiritual exercises' – to transform themselves, to live in accordance with reason and nature, and to achieve a state of inner peace and virtue. It was about learning to 'live philosophically,' not just to 'talk philosophically'.
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