Synthesized answer
The provided passages do not explicitly state the central thesis of Jürgen Habermas's *The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity*.
The passages describe the book as a series of twelve lectures on Modern and Post Modern thinkers, mentioning philosophers like Hegel, Nietzsche, Habermas himself, Bataille, Foucault, and Derrida [1]. They indicate that the lectures range from critiques of subjective reason to ideas about art uniting fragmented reasoning and the proclamation of the death of philosophy [1].
Synthesized from the book passages below. Chat with the book on Feynman for follow-up.
From the book
Title: The philosophical discourse of modernity by Jürgen Habermas Description: A series of twelve lectures on Modern and Post Modern thinkers ranging from Hegel who critiqued subjective reason and sought to replace it with Absolute Knowledge to Nietsche who proclaimed the death of philosophy and on to thinkers like Habermas who believed that art might possess the capability of uniting our fragmented reasoning ability and finally to post modern thinkers like Bataille, Focault and Derrida --- Google Books --- Title: The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity by Jürgen Habermas Description:…