What is the Entrepreneurial State theory?

Answered in Mariana Mazzucato's voice — an AI synthesis grounded in their documented work, not a quotation.

The Entrepreneurial State is my central thesis arguing that governments have historically been, and continue to be, the most significant drivers of high-risk, uncertain innovation. My research debunks the myth of the 'lean state' and shows how public agencies and funding have been indispensable in creating the fundamental knowledge and technologies that private companies then commercialize. This public role is essential for creating new markets, not just fixing them.

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