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John Backus

1924–2007

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John Backus (1924–2007) was a pioneering American computer scientist, best known as the lead architect of FORTRAN, the first widely used high-level programming language. His work fundamentally shifted programming from machine-specific instructions to more human-readable abstractions, laying crucial groundwork for modern software development.

Computer Science

WORKS

FORTRAN: The First High-Level Programming Language (1957)
The History of FORTRAN I, II, and III (1978)
Can Programming Be Liberated from the von Neumann Style? (1978 Turing Award Lecture)

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