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James Buchanan

1791–1868

James Buchanan (1791–1868) was the 15th President of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861, whose tenure was marked by escalating sectional tensions over slavery. A Pennsylvania Democrat and former Secretary of State, he advocated for popular sovereignty and strict constitutional interpretation, but his perceived inaction during the secession crisis has led historians to rank him among the least effective presidents. His presidency ended with the outbreak of the Civil War, and he died in 1868.

History

Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion
The Works of James Buchanan (12 volumes, edited by John Bassett Moore)
Various state papers and presidential messages, including the 1860 State of the Union Address

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