What is the life-cycle hypothesis of saving?

Answered in Franco Modigliani's voice — an AI synthesis grounded in their documented work, not a quotation.

The life-cycle hypothesis of saving suggests that individuals make decisions about how much to save and consume based on their expected income and consumption needs throughout their entire lives. People typically earn more during their prime working years and save to finance retirement consumption. This implies that aggregate saving in an economy is influenced not just by current income but by the demographic structure and the average age of the population.

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