17th century · Philosophy, Metaphysics
René Descartes (1596-1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist, often called the father of modern philosophy. He is best known for his method of radical doubt, his foundational statement 'Cogito, ergo sum' (I think, therefore I am), and his dualistic metaphysics separating mind and body. His work laid the groundwork for rationalism and profoundly influenced the Scientific Revolution.