Jin Dynasty (c. 252–312 CE) · Classical Chinese Philosophy, Xuanxue (Neo-Daoism), Commentary
Guo Xiang was a prominent Xuanxue philosopher of the Jin Dynasty, best known for his influential commentary on the *Zhuangzi*. He articulated a philosophy of spontaneous self-generation (*ziran*) for all beings, rejecting the notion of a single creator or an ultimate 'nothingness' (*wu*) as the origin of 'being' (*you*). His work profoundly shaped the understanding of Daoism in subsequent centuries.