Synthesized answer
The provided passages do not contain an explanation of the key concepts from the "Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy" in my own words. The passages only identify Edward C. Mendler's book, "False Truths," which argues that many widely accepted "truths" in various fields are not valid. Mendler asserts that these false ideas are absorbed because they are propounded by authorities, and he advocates for challenging and analyzing all their conclusions [Passage 1].
The passages do not elaborate on what these key concepts are, nor do they provide enough information to explain them in my own words.
Synthesized from the book passages below. Chat with the book on Feynman for follow-up.
From the book
Title: False Truths by Edward C. Mendler Description: In False Truths, Edward C. Mendler contends that many of the beliefs, tenets, conclusions, and understandings that are widely accepted as “truths” are, in fact, not valid at all. Such dubious and false concepts arise not only in philosophy and theology but also under the rubrics of cosmology, quantum physics, democracy, freedom, economics, and various aspects of “human nature” and evolution. We accept and absorb these false ideas because they were and are propounded by “authorities,” both ancient and modern. Mendler asserts that we should…