Annual Message to Congress (1854)

Question

The text suggests a linguistic lineage from Egyptian hieroglyphics to Phoenician, then to Hebrew and Greek alphabets for the letter 'A'. How would you explain the *plausibility* of this complex evolution to someone unfamiliar with linguistics, drawing only on the specific connections mentioned in the excerpt?

Synthesized answer

The plausibility of this linguistic evolution, as presented, stems from a suggested ancestral connection between Egyptian hieroglyphics and the Phoenician alphabet [1, 2]. The passages state that the Phoenician letters "may have been derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphics" [1]. From this Phoenician foundation, a lineage is proposed to the Hebrew and Greek alphabets [1, 2]. Specifically, it is mentioned that "The old Hebrew, the Aramæan, and the Greek letters seem to have come from the Phœnician, a Syro-Arabian tongue" [1, 2]. This establishes a chain where Phoenician serves as a bridge between the older Egyptian hieroglyphics and the subsequent development of alphabetic scripts like Hebrew and Greek.

The text indicates that the Hebrew alphabet begins with "A (Aleph)" [2]. It also notes that the Greek alphabet starts with "alpha," and both the Latin and English alphabets commence with "a" [2]. This suggests a continuity in the initial letter of alphabetic systems, with a shared origin that traces back through Phoenician to Egyptian hieroglyphics. The passages do not further elaborate on the specific visual or phonetic transformations that would explain the evolution of the letter…

Synthesized from the book passages below. Chat with the book on Feynman for follow-up.

From the book

Delta . The old Hebrew, the Aramæan, and the Greek letters seem to have come from the Phœnician, a Syro-Arabian tongue. The Phœnician letters, again, as Gesenius suggests, may have been derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphics. A as an initial is used: In chronology, for Anno (Lat.)=in the year, as A. D., Anno Domini =in the year of our Lord; A. U. C., Anno urbis conditæ =in the year of the city founded— i. e. , from the foundation of the city (Rome)=753 B. C. ( Varro ). In horology, for the Lat. prep. ante =before, as a. m. ( ante meridiem )=before noon. In designating university degrees, for…
Passage [3]
For works with similar titles, see A . ← Collier's New Encyclopedia , Volume 1 A Aachen → Edition of 1921; disclaimer . 229678 Collier's New Encyclopedia , Volume 1 — A ​ A , a, the first letter in the English alphabet, as in those of all the modern Indo-European tongues. The Latin alphabet also commences with a , and the Greek with a similar letter, alpha . In Sanscrit the vowels are classified by grammarians separately from the consonants. The vowels are placed first, and two sounds of a , the first a very short one, intermediate between ă and ŭ , as in the word Veda , and the other long,…
Passage [2]
atonic scale of C major corresponding to the la of the Italians and the French. In heraldry, the chief in an escutcheon. In nautical language, A-1=a vessel of the first class, excellently built. Figuratively, anything highly excellent; the best of its class. In mathematics, A and the other letters of the alphabet are used, e. g. , in Euclid, to represent lines, angles, points, etc. In algebra, a and the other first letters of the alphabet are used to express known quantities, and the last letter to express such as are unknown.
Passage [4]
← About, Edmond Collier's New Encyclopedia Abracadabra Abraham → Edition of 1921; disclaimer . 1317454 Collier's New Encyclopedia — Abracadabra ​ ABRACADABRA, a magical word among the ancients, recommended as an antidote against several diseases. It was to be written upon a piece of paper as many times as the word contains letters, omitting the last letter of the former every time, and suspended from the neck by a linen thread. It was the name of a god worshipped by the Syrians, the wearing of whose name was a sort of invocation of his aid. At present, the word is used chiefly in jest, to…
Passage [47]
For works with similar titles, see Aaron . ← Aarhuus (city) Collier's New Encyclopedia , Volume 1 Aaron Ab → Edition of 1921; disclaimer . 421837 Collier's New Encyclopedia , Volume 1 — Aaron ​ AARON , son of Amram (tribe of Levi), elder brother of Moses, and divinely appointed to be his spokesman in the embassy to the court of Pharaoh. By the same authority, avouched in the budding of his rod, he was chosen the first high-priest. He was recreant to his trust in the absence of Moses upon the Mount, and made the golden calf for the people to worship. He died on Mount Hor in the 123d year of…
Passage [11]

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